Itch induction by audiovisual stimuli and histamine iontophoresis: a randomized,controlled noninferiority study

瘙痒是许多皮肤病的主要症状,在某些科学研究中,研究人员想要有意触发志愿者皮肤瘙痒。在实验室环境中有不同的瘙痒诱导方法。一种可能性是通过使用弱电流将由身体产生的瘙痒诱导物质(称为组胺)转移到皮肤中。这种方法称为组胺-离子电渗,需要“直接皮肤操作”。 与此不同,“非皮肤操纵”方法是为志愿者提供与瘙痒相关的视听材料(例如,爬虫的幻灯片或视频)。 其他研究已发现瘙痒的体验也取决于患者的注意力。 德国的研究人员旨在通过本研究查明,通过视听材料诱发(触发)的瘙痒是否与下列两种情况下组胺-离子电渗诱导的瘙痒相当:在瘙痒诱导前不关注皮肤(研究 1a),以及在瘙痒诱导前关注皮肤(研究 1b)。 在研究 1a 中,所有 80 名受试者都休息 10 分钟。然后,其中 40 名观看瘙痒诱导视频,另外 40 名应用组胺。 研究 1b 与 1a 相同,但没有 10 分钟的休息时间,而是让所有 80 名受试者观看非皮肤瘙痒诱导视频,然后或进行组胺瘙痒诱导(40 人)或观看瘙痒相关的视听材料(40 人)。 通过询问受试者最重瘙痒的强烈程度以及诱发后瞬间瘙痒的强烈程度来衡量瘙痒。 研究人员发现,视听材料诱导的最重瘙痒与组胺诱导的最重瘙痒相当,但仅限受试者在瘙痒诱导之前观看非瘙痒诱导视频(研究 1b)时。 然而,当志愿者在瘙痒诱导前未关注皮肤时,组胺诱发的瘙痒实际上更加强烈(研究 1a)。 这表明,当研究人员希望在研究中使用瘙痒相关的刺激(例如视听材料)作为组胺-离子电渗的替代方法时,在瘙痒诱导之前吸引志愿者的注意力是很重要的。 本摘要涉及研究:通过视听刺激和组胺离子电渗诱导瘙痒:一项随机、对照、非劣效性研究。     

Gabapentin for uremic pruritus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Uremic pruritus is one of the most prevalent and bothersome dermatologic symptoms in patients with end-stage renal disease. Some studies suggest a possible neuropathic cause of uremic pruritus. Gabapentin, an anticonvulsant, may control pruritus with neuropathic origin. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of gabapentin in reducing pruritus scores of patients with uremic pruritus and evaluate its safety among dialysis patients. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, using gabapentin as treatment for uremic pruritus among hemodialysis patients was included and analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.1.4 software. Seven out of 17 screened articles were included, with a total of 315 participants. Meta-analysis of the incidence of improved pruritus scores after treatment from four studies (n = 171) showed that treatment with gabapentin decreased the severity of uremic pruritus as compared to the placebo (risk ratio = 0.18; 95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.33; I² = 4%: P =< 0.00001). Six studies (n = 290) presented with incidence of adverse drug events such as dizziness, drowsiness, and somnolence. In the pooled analysis, treatment with gabapentin was associated with a higher incidence of adverse drug events compared to the comparator drugs, but the results were not significant (risk ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.81, 2.11; P = 0.28, I² = 37%). The results of this systematic review suggest that gabapentin is efficacious and safe in improving uremic pruritus among dialysis patients.     

Ferulic Acid Modulates Dysfunctional Metabolic Pathways and Purinergic Activities,While Stalling Redox Imbalance and Cholinergic Activities in Oxidative Brain Injury

Neurotoxicity Research - The neuroprotective activities of phenolics have been demonstrated in several studies, with their antioxidant properties playing an influential role. In this study, the...